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Information on the wide variety of ways that people quit smoking.

There are numerous ways in which people who smoke can stop. Most research into and resources for cessation methods deals with aided cessation, such as the use of drug therapy or nicotine replacement. A growing body of work, however, is looking at how people also quit unaided (i.e. “cold turkey”) or with the new nicotine vaccine (still in development).

Please use the left-hand menu to browse through the information available on the various cessation methods.

As well, here are several studies of particular interest:

Related documents:

Note: The following list of documents is dynamic and will change as new items are added to the collection.

Tobacco treatment and prevention: Briefly describes the research that the faculty (Dr. Stephen P. Fortmann, Dr. Lisa A. Henrikson, and Dr. Joel D. Killen) of the Stanford Prevention Research Center has conducted in the areas of tobacco cessation, tobacco control policy, and prevention of tobacco-related diseases in the developing world.
The influence of exchange delays on cigarette versus money choice : a laboratory analog of voucher-based reinforcement therapy: Adapted a laboratory analog of a voucher program to examine the effects of immediacy of reinforcement and its interaction with reinforcer magnitude. Abstinent smokers made repeated choices between puffs on a cigarette and points worth a variety of monetary values. Longer exchange delays and lower magnitude reinforcers increased the number of choices for drug.
Improving smoking cessation approaches at the individual level: Reviews the types of cessation help available for individuals to quit smoking: pharmacotherapy and behavioural support. In addition, the authors also review the literature to ascertain how to improve cessation help.
Medicaid coverage for tobacco dependence treatments in Massachusetts and associated decreases in smoking prevalence: Smoking prevalence was evaluated pre- to post-benefit using 1999 through 2008 data from the Massachusetts Behavioral Risk Factor Survey (BRFSS). These findings suggest that a tobacco cessation benefit that includes coverage for medications and behavioral treatments, has few barriers to access, and involves broad promotion can significantly reduce smoking prevalence.
The National Center for Health Promotion : products and services overview: Described the products and services available from the National Center for Health Promotion, including: the Smoke Stoppers System, Riskscan, Leaner Weigh System, Personal Stress Management System, and health promotion education and awareness materials.
The Smoke Stoppers health management system for health care providers: Discussed the history and development of the National Center for Health Promotion and Bureau of Business Practice (BBP) health promotion partnership. Contents include discussion of clients, products and services, the program, training, and the health and economic impact of tobacco use.
Treatment of tobacco dependence: The authors examine Cochrane meta-analyses and German-language and American guidelines for recommendations for helping people quit smoking. Doctors can play a role in cessation, from motivational interviewing to prescribing medications. They determine that with a combination of medications and psychotherapeutic support, abstinence rates of up to 40% can be achieved.
Smokers edge [kit]: Kit that contains one sample of the Smokers Edge smokeless tobacco substitute and several news items concerning the cessation aid. Smokers Edge was intended to provide people who smoke with a smokeless alternative and a cessation method that could be used alone or in conjunction with other methods such as nicotine gum or acupuncture.
Comparison of two intensities of tobacco dependence counseling in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: This study tested two manualized behavioral counseling approaches-Treatment of Addiction to Nicotine in Schizophrenia (TANS) or Medication Management (MM)-for individuals who smoke who were motivated to quit. Smokers in both groups significantly reduced smoking as measured by cigarettes per day and expired carbon monoxide.
Computer-assisted smoking treatment : a comparison of therapist-assisted vs. self-help protocols: Investigated the use of a computer-assisted smoking treatment (CAST) implemented by a credit card-sized, fully dedicated microcomputer. 71 people who smoke were assigned to either CAST, CAST plus therapist assistance, or waitlist control. Findings suggested that a CAST program can be effective and readily implemented in a self-help format.
Effects of cognitive-behavioral smoking treatment on smoker and abstainer self-schemata: Examined the effects of standard cognitive-behavioural smoking treatment on measures of self-perceptions and self-efficacy for quitting among a group of people who smoke. Findings indicated that these measures of smoker self-schema and an abstainer possible self could be useful in treatment matching interventions.
Resistance training as an aid to standard smoking cessation treatment : a pilot study: Participants received a short cessation counselling session and the nicotine patch before being randomly assigned to twelve weeks of resistance training or contact control group. At both the three and six months’ follow-ups, participants in the resistance training had higher 7-day point prevalence abstinence rates (PAA) and prolonged abstinence rates.
Smoking cessation programs for young people: Paper presented in 1989 at the UICC International Workshop on Children and Tobacco in Industrialized Countries. Various cessation methods and programs are evaluated. Evidence suggested that interventions aimed at young people of 15 years and older offer the best chance of success, and future programs must include health education components.
Systematic approaches to smoking cessation in the cardiac setting: This review offers up to date information concerning cessation treatments for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Practical counselling and pharmacotherapy are acceptable and effective for CHD patients making a quit attempt. Also, treatments commenced during hospitalization for CHD are more successful than those made outside the hospital.
Use and perceived helpfulness of smoking cessation methods : results from a population survey of recent quitters: Majority of recent quitters quit cold turkey or cut down before quitting, and reported that these methods were helpful. Efforts to influence population smoking prevalence should attempt to provide support and motivation for smokers choosing these methods, in addition to assessing the effectiveness and accessibility of other methods for smokers who need or choose them.
Stop-smoking support : considerations for community nurses: This article provides background information on the health effects of smoking, and discusses issues around stop smoking support, highlighting some implications for community nurses who work with clients who want to stop smoking.
‘Closet’ quit attempts : prevalence, correlates and association with outcome: Among online survey (n=524) respondents, 45% said their most recent quit attempt was not revealed to anyone ahead of time. ‘Closet quit attempters’ were more likely to reach 30 days smoke-free than those who revealed their quit attempt beforehand. There were no differences at 6 months abstinent. Findings do not support the idea of making quit attempts public knowledge.
Effect of expressive writing as a treatment adjunct for reducing smoking cessation related weight gain in young adult smokers: Uses data from a randomized trial to examine the effect of expressive writing on weight gain in young adults ages 18-24 during smoking cessation. Participants received a brief office intervention or expressive writing plus brief intervention. During weeks 3-24 those receiving expressive writing gained significantly less weight, but the difference was not significant at week 52.
Cytisine's potential to be used as a traditional healing method to help indigenous people stop smoking : a qualitative study with Māori: Interviews with participants found the following obstacles to using cessation products: financial cost and effort; persistent smoking among friends and family; environments that allowed smoking; and an apparent belief that treatments are culturally inappropriate. Also, interest of cytisine was high and many participants believed it was appropriate to package it as a ‘rongoā Māori’ (traditional Māori remedy).
Providing nicotine dependence treatment to psychiatric inpatients : the views of Australian nurse managers: This study aims to describe the views of nurse managers in psychiatric inpatient settings regarding the provision of nicotine dependence treatment, and whether there were associations between such views and the provision of nicotine dependence treatment.

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Contained Collections:

Nicotine Replacement Therapy: Information on various ways of replacing the nicotine in cigarettes to ease withdrawal symptoms after quitting.
Drug Therapy: Information on the use of prescription drugs as cessation aids.
Nicotine Vaccine: Changes the brains of people who smoke so that they no longer experience smoking as pleasurable.
Alternative Therapies: Includes cessation methods like herbs and meditation.

last modified Dec 07, 2011 10:06 AM